Contagion Editorial Staff

Although the incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections remains high among young women (ages 14-24), new data presented at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2018 STD Conference indicate that prevalence of the sexually-transmitted infection (STI) is decreasing.

For the study, a team of investigators led by Kristen Kreisel, PhD, Epidemiologist Surveillance and Data Management Branch, Division of STD Prevention, CDC, examined estimated Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Specifically, the team analyzed laboratory data collected from women between 14 and 39 years for 4, 2-year time periods (2001-2004, 2005-2008, 2009-2012, and 2013-2016). According to the study abstract, the investigators then estimated the weighted prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections with 95% confidence intervals (CI), “overall and by sociodemographics, for each time period, and estimated the average percent change (APC) across time periods using JoinPoint software, fitting trend data to a log-linear model.”

The results of the study revealed that although the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections among females aged 14 to 39 remained relatively stable between 2001 and 2016, there was a decrease in prevalence from 2001-2004 where the prevalence was 2.3% (95% CI: 1.6%, 3.0%) and 2013-2016, when the prevalence was 1.7% (95% CI: 1.2%, 2.2%. APC: -2.2%; 95% CI: -5.9%, 1.7%; P= .14). Among young women (14-24 years of age) prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections was 3.6% (95% CI: 2.4%, 4.8%) during 2001-2004, and 2.8% (95% CI: 1.8%, 3.9%) during 2013-2016 (APC: -1.9%; 95% CI: -4.6%, 0.8%; P = .10).

Among young women between the ages of 14 and 19, the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections decreased from 3.9% in 2001-2004, to 2.3% in 2013-2016 (APC: -3.9%; 95% CI: -7.0%, -0.8%; P = .03), according to the study results.

Despite being the target population for screening of Chlamydia trachomatisinfections, young women aged 14 to 24, are still dealing with a high incidence of the STI. The results indicate that in the past 15 years, however, there has been some progress toward decreasing its prevalence.

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Although the incidence ofÂ Chlamydia trachomatisÂ infections remains high among young women (ages 14-24), newÂ dataÂ presented at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2018 STD Conference indicate that prevalence of the sexually-transmitted infection (STI) is decreasing.

High Rates of Chlamydia Among Young Women Slowly Decrease

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Allergan's supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to expand the approved use of their cephalosporin / beta-lactamase inhibitor combo antibiotic, AVYCAZ (ceftazidime and avibactam), to include the treatment of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) caused by the following susceptible Gram-negative microorganisms:

in patients 18 years of age or older. This approval is the first Gram-negative antibiotic approved in the United States to treat HABP/VABP in more than 15 years, according to a

The antibiotic was originally approved to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) and complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) in February 2015 in combination with metronidazole. It was approved in 2017 for complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI), including pyelonephritis, caused by designated susceptible Gram-negative bacteria, including certain Enterobacteriaceae and

. Subsequent testing on the efficacy of the antibiotic to treat other types of infections proved positive and led to the submission of the sNDA for HABP/VABP.

, studies have shown a “susceptibility rate of 94.6% and an MIC

isolates for AVYCAZ, [as well as] susceptibility to 99.9% of

.5 μg/mL) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing

1 μg/mL), and 92.0% of ertapenem-resistant

The US Food and Drug Administration has approved Allergan's supplemental New Drug Application to expand the approved use of their cephalosporin / beta-lactamase inhibitor combo antibiotic, AVYCAZ (ceftazidime and avibactam), to include the treatment of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) caused by susceptible Gram-negative microorganisms. 

Contagion Editorial Staff

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High Rates of Chlamydia Among Young Women Slowly Decrease

Combo Inhibitor Antibiotic Approved to Treat HABP/VABP